پروژه حسابداري بيمارستان | ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ An Approach for Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering
دانلود ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ(MSc)باﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ An Approach for AspectOriented Requirements Engineering در 199 صفحه ورد قابل ويرايش با فرمت doc به همراه فايل pdf |
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| دسته بندي | كامپيوتر و IT |
| فرمت فايل | docx |
| حجم فايل | 2668 كيلو بايت |
| تعداد صفحات فايل | 199 |
ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ An Approach for Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering
(M.Sc)دانلود ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ- ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ
باﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ: ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ
An Approach for Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering
در 199 صفحه ورد قابل ويرايش با فرمت doc + به همراه فايل pdf
ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ
ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﻣﻐﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻭﺭﺩ. ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺏ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ (ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ) ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻓﺶ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻲ (ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻱ) ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﺩﺭﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ (ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ)، ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﺪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ.
ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ، ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻓﻲ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺤﻪ١ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﺩﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﺳﻤﻲﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ، ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ (ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ) ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺳﻤﻲﺳﺎﺯﻱ، ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻱ، ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻲ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﻝ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻱ، ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ
ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ
ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ
ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ
ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ
ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻱ
ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ
ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ
ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ
ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﭼﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ، ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﭼﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﭙﺬﻳﺮﺩ. ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ، ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ، ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ (ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥﻧﺎﻣﻪ) ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ.
۱-۱- ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ١٩٦٨ (ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ (NATO ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ (ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻱ) ﻭ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻣﺎﮊﻭﻝ ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﮊﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ ﻭ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺷﻲﺀﮔﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ، ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ١ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ (ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ، ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪﻫﺎ) ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﺳﻂﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺵ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺖﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﻲﺀﮔﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ، ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ٢ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﮊﻭﻝ (ﺷﻲﺀ) ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ، ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ، ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ (ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﻴﺪﮔﻲ٣ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ٤). ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻲﺀﮔﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻱ، ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ۷۹۹۱ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﺁﻗﺎﻱ ﻛﻴﻚﺯﺍﻟﺰ٥ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺎﻧﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ PARC٦ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ٧ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﺩ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻛﻨﺪ (ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ، ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻛﺪ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ).
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ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ |
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ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ ................................................................................................................................ |
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ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ ......................................................................................................................................... |
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ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ. ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ .................................................................................................................................... |
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١-١- ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ....................................................................................................................................................... |
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١-٢- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ........................................................................................................................................... |
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١-٣- ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ .................................................................................................................................. |
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١-٤- ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ...................................................................................................................... |
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١-٥- ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ..................................................................................................................................... |
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ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﻭﻡ. ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ....................................................................................................................... |
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٢-١- ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ .............................................................................................................................................. |
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٢-١-١- ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪﻣﻨﺪﻱ .................................................................................................................... |
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٢-١-٢- ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪﻣﻨﺪﻱ ............................................................................................................... |
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٢-١-٣- ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻱ ﺧﻮﺏ ................................................................................... |
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٢-٢- ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ .................................................................................................................................................. |
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٢-٢-١- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ............................................................................................................................. |
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٢-٢-٢- ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻄﻖ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ......................................................................................................... |
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٢-٣- ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ .................................................................................................................................. |
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٢-٣-١- ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ ............................................................................................. |
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٢-٤- ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ .............................................................................................................................. |
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٢-٥- ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ .................................................................................................................................. |
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٢-٦- ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻱ ................................................................ |
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٢-٧- ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ................................................................ |
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٢-٨- ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ................................................................ |
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٢-٩- ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺭﺩﻳﺎﺑﻲ ................................................................ |
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٢-١٠- ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﻴﺪﮔﻲ ................................................................ |
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٢-١١- ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ ................................................................ |
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٢-١٢- ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................................................ |
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٢-١٢-١- ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ................................ |
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۲-۲۱-۱-۱- ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ................................................................ |
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۲-۲۱-۱-۲- ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ................................ |
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۲-۲۱-۱-۳ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺮﺵ ................................ |
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۲-۲۱-۱-۴- ﻛﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ................................ |
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٢-١٢-٢- ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................ |
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٢-١٢-٣- ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................ |
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٢-١٣- ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ................................ |
................................................................................... ٢٧ |
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٢-١٣-١- ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................ |
....................................................................... ٢٨ |
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٢-١٣-٢- ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................ |
........................................................................... ٢٨ |
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٢-١٣-٣- ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................ |
..................................................................... ٢٨ |
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٢-١٣-٤- ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................ |
................................................................................ ٢٩ |
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٢-١٣-٥- ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ................................ |
....................................................................... ٢٩ |
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٢-١٤- ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ................................................................ |
.................................................................. ٢٩ |
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٢-١٤-١- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ................................ |
............................................................................. ٢٩ |
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٢-١٤-٢- ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ................................ |
................................................................ ٣١ |
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٢-١٤-٣- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ................................ |
........................................................................ ٣١ |
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٢-١٤-٤- ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ................................ |
............................................................................... ٣٢ |
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٢-١٤-٥- ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺘﺮﻱ ................................ |
......................................................... ٣٣ |
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٢-١٤-٦- ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﻭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﭘﺘﺮﻱ ................................ |
............................................................................ ٣٤ |
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٢-١٥- ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ................................................................ |
............................................................................... ٣٤ |
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ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮﻡ. ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ................................ |
................................................................... ٣٥ |
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٣-١- ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ................................................................ |
.................................................................................... ٣٦ |
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٣-٢- ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ................................................................ |
..................................................... ٣٦ |
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٣-٣- ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ................................................................ |
............................................................... ٣٩ |
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٣-٣-١- ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻫﺎ ................................................................ |
.................................................................... ٣٩ |
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٣-٣-٢- ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻨﺎﺭﻳﻮ ................................ |
............................................................................... ٤٠ |
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٣-٣-٣- ﻃﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﺫﻫﻨﻲ ................................................................ |
................................................................ ٤٠ |
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٣-٣-٤- ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺮﺗﻲ ................................ |
.......................................................................... ٤٠ |
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٣-٣-٥- ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ................................................................ |
......................................................... ٤١ |
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٣-٣-٦- ﻣﺘﺪﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺮﻡ ................................ |
.................................................................................. ٤٢ |
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٣-٣-٧- ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ................................ |
.............................................................................. ٤٣ |
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٣-٣-٨- ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ................................ |
............................................................................ ٤٤ |
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٣-٤- ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ................................ |
.................................................................................... ٤٤ |
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٣-٤-١- ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ................................ (JAD) |
................................................................. ٤٥ |
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٣-٤-٢- ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﺩﻫﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ................................ |
................................................................................. ٤٥ |
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٣-٤-٣- ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ................................................................ |
..................................................................... ٤٦ |
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۳-۴-۳-۱- ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ : ................................ |
................................................. ٤٦ |
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۳-۴-۳-۲- ﻣﺪﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻲ ................................ |
........................................................ ٤٧ |
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۳-۴-۳-۳- ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﻲﺀﮔﺮﺍ......................................................................................... |
٤٧ |
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٣-٤-٤- ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ........................................................................................................ (QFD) |
٤٨ |
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٣-٥- ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ(ﺳﺎﺯﻱ) ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ....................................................................................................................... |
٤٩ |
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٣-٦- ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ .......................................................................................................................... |
٥٠ |
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٣-٦-١- ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ............................................................................................................................ |
٥٠ |
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٣-٦-٢- ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ....................................................................................................................... |
٥٠ |
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٣-٦-٣- ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ .................................................................................................................................. |
٥١ |
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٣-٧- ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ................................................................................................................................ |
٥١ |
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٣-٨- ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻱ ............................................................................................................................ |
٥٣ |
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ﻓﺼﻞ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ. ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ .................................................................. |
٥٤ |
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٤-١- ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ.................................................................................................................................................... |
٥٥ |
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٤-٢- ﻣﺪﻝ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ........................................................................................... |
٥٥ |
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٤-٣- ﻣﺪﻝ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ "ﻣﺪﻝ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﮔﺮﺍ" .............................................................. |
٥٧ |
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٤-٤- ﻣﺪﻝ ................................................................................................................................. COSMOS |
٦٢ |
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٤-٤-١- ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ...................................................................................................................................... |
٦٣ |
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۴-۴-۱-۱- ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ....................................................................................... |
٦٣ |
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۴-۴-۱-۲- ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ...................................................................................... |
٦٤ |
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٤-٤-٢- ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ...................................................................................................................................... |
٦٥ |
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۴-۴-۲-۱- ﻗﻄﻌﻲ .......................................................................................................... |
٦٦ |
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۴-۴-۲-۲- ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﻱ ....................................................................................................... |
٦٦ |
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۴-۴-۲-۳- ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ........................................................................................................ |
٦٧ |
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۴-۴-۲-۴- ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺖ ........................................................................................................ |
٦٨ |
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ﺩ |
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٤-٤-٣- ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﻱ ..................................................................................................................... |
٦٨ |
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٤-٥- ﺭﻭﺵ ............................................................................................................................ THEME/DOC |
٧١ |
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٤-٥-١- ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺶ................................................................................ |
٧٣ |
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٤-٥-٢- ﻃﺮﺡﺭﻳﺰﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪ ..................................................................... Theme |
٧٦ |
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٤-٥-٣- ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ theme ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪ theme ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ .................................................. |
٨٠ |
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٤-٦- ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﮔﺮﺍ ............................................... |
٨٣ |
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٤-٦-١- ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎ ................................................................................................... |
٨٤ |
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۴-۶-۱-۱- ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ ................................................................................................ . |
٨٥ |
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٤-٦-٢- ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ............................................................................................ |
٨٥ |
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٤-٦-٣- ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ
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مانيفست مديريت پروژه CHAOS